Commentary of the Book of 3 John
By Dr. Barry L. Jenkins
Text Used: Legacy Standard Bible
Bible Study 3 John 1: 1-15
1917 Scofield Reference Bible Notes
3 John 1
Book Introduction
The Third Epistle of John
WRITER. The Apostle John.
DATE. Probably about A.D. 90.
THEME: The aged Apostle had written to a church which allowed one Diotrephes to exercise an authority common enough in later ages, but wholly new in the primitive churches. Diotrephes had rejected the apostolic letters and authority. It appears also that he had refused the ministry of the visiting brethren (3Jo 10), and cast out those that had received them. Historically, this letter marks the beginning of that clerical and priestly assumption over the churches in which the primitive church order disappeared. This Epistle reveals, as well, the believer's resource in such a day. No longer writing as an apostle, but as an elder, John addresses this letter, not to the church as such, but to a faithful man in the church for the comfort and encouragement of those who were standing fast in the primitive simplicity. Second John conditions the personal walk of the Christian in a day of apostasy; Third John the personal responsibility in such a day of the believer as a member of the local church. The key-phrase is "the truth" (see 2 John, Introduction).
There are three divisions:
I. Personal greetings, vs. 1-4 II. Instructions concerning ministering brethren, vs. 5-8 III. The apostate leader and the good Demetrius, vs. 9-14
Text:
Walking in the Truth
1 The elder to the beloved Gaius, whom I love in truth.
2 Beloved, I pray that in all respects you may prosper and be in good health, just as your soul prospers. 3 For I rejoiced greatly when brothers came and bore witness to your truth, that is, how you are walking in truth. 4 I have no greater joy than [a]this, to hear that my children are walking in the truth.
5 Beloved, you are acting faithfully in whatever [b]work you do for the brothers, and are doing this though they are strangers; 6 and they bore witness to your love before the church. You will do well to send them on their way in a manner worthy of God. 7 For they went out for the sake of the Name, receiving nothing from the Gentiles. 8 Therefore we ought to [c]support such men, so that we may [d]be fellow workers [e]with the truth.
9 I wrote something to the church, but Diotrephes, who loves to be first among them, does not welcome [f]what we say. 10 For this reason, if I come, I will bring to remembrance his deeds which he does, unjustly disparaging us with wicked words. And not satisfied with this, he himself does not welcome the brothers either, and he forbids those who want to do so and puts them out of the church.
11 Beloved, do not imitate what is evil, but what is good. The one who does good is of God; the one who does evil has not seen God. 12 Demetrius has received a good witness from everyone, and from the truth itself; and we add our witness, and you know that our witness is true.
13 I had many things to write to you, but I am not willing to write them to you with pen and ink; 14 but I hope to see you shortly, and we will speak face to face.
15 Peace be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name.
Verse by verse commentary:
Verse 1: “The elder to the beloved Gaius, whom I love in truth.”
John identifies himself as “The elder,” as in 2 John. He is writing to his friend Gaius to commend him for his hospitality and to discuss with him the situation in the congregation of which Gaius is a part. Recall that hospitality was an important part of 2 John. It is equally important in this letter.
Verse 2: “Beloved, I pray that in all respects you may prosper and be in good health, just as your soul prospers.”
John’s prayer for Gaius was significant. Gaius’ spiritual state was so excellent that John prayed that his physical health would match his spiritual vigor. To ask about one’s health was standard custom in ancient letters. I have seen this verse abused by some charismatics and all prosperity preachers. They will take the verse out of context and argue that everyone should be healthy and wealthy. The greeting used by John would be the equivalent to me saying, “Good morning” or “have a nice day.” This verse is not to be interpreted as a promise of health and wealth for all.
Verse 3: “For I rejoiced greatly when brothers came and bore witness to your truth, that is, how you are walking in truth.”
Many of these traveling evangelists and missionaries reported to John the graciousness of Gaius and his walk in the truth. “Your truth” is actually the doctrine and the teaching of the apostles. Gaius was remaining faithful to what he had been taught and it was manifested in how he lived his life, i.e. “walking in truth.” May the same be said about us.
Verse 4: “I have no greater joy than this, to hear that my children are walking in the truth.”
John’s personal affection for Gaius was a result of his holy walk. Isaiah 35: 8 speaks of a “highway of holiness.” Gaius was a traveler there. When we walk in obedience, it impacts those that have oversight over us in the Lord.
Verse 5: “Beloved, you are acting faithfully in whatever work you do for the brothers, and are doing this though they are strangers;”
Genuine faith produces genuine good works. Gaius' hospitality was not only toward those whom he knew, but also to those whom he did not know. May we do the same.
Verse 6: “and they bore witness to your love before the church. You will do well to send them on their way in a manner worthy of God.”
Gaius’ reputation for hospitality, kindness and obedience was also well known throughout the churches. “Manner worthy of God” refers to treating people the way our Lord Jesus Christ did. “You will do well” was John’s way to encourage Gaius to continue his acts of hospitality to others.
Verse 7: “For they went out for the sake of the Name, receiving nothing from the Gentiles.”
“They went out” refers to their trusting the Lord, and believers’ homes were opened to them. The evangelists and ministers received no salary and had to have faith to continue their service for the Lord. “Receiving nothing from the Gentiles” means they would not take financial support from nonbelievers. When pastoring, I did not have a plate passed. There was a box at the back of the sanctuary for people to give if their hearts were willing to give. At times, I would say that if someone had issues with their brothers or sisters, don’t give an offering until the situation is resolved and the dispute ends.
Verse 8: “Therefore we ought to support such men, so that we may be fellow workers with the truth.”
“Support such men” is literally “receive such men as guests.” “Be fellow workers” means “prove ourselves to be.” “With the truth” meant “for the truth.” John is making the point that when the believer receives the Christian workers, they prove themselves to be laboring alongside them for the sake of the truth of the Gospel.
Verse 9: “I wrote something to the church, but Diotrephes, who loves to be first among them, does not welcome what we say.”
We can assume that a previous letter was written, but did not survive. Diotrephes may not have shared it with the congregation. Most likely, it would have been on the topic of hospitality. The phrase “loves to be first among them” communicates the idea of someone who is selfish, self-centered, and self-seeking. In other words, Diotrephes was a prideful leader who denied John’s spiritual authority.
Verse 10: “ For this reason, if I come, I will bring to remembrance his deeds which he does, unjustly disparaging us with wicked words. And not satisfied with this, he himself does not welcome the brothers either, and he forbids those who want to do so and puts them out of the church.”
John’s response to Diotrephes’s severe disrespect and provocation reveals his pastoral concern, but also leaves no doubt that his visit will put a decisive end to Diotrephes’s behavior. Those in the ministry need to have a backbone and rebuke the disobedient when it is necessary.
Verse 11: “Beloved, do not imitate what is evil, but what is good. The one who does good is of God; the one who does evil has not seen God.”
John is telling Gaius to not act like Diotrephes has been acting. Instead, he should respond as God would respond. That response is love. John doesn’t want Gaius to take any vengeful evil actions towards Diotrephes.
Verse 12: “Demetrius has received a good witness from everyone, and from the truth itself; and we add our witness, and you know that our witness is true.”
Like Gaius, Demetrius had a good reputation and was well known in the region. “From the truth itself” refers to the fact that Demetrius was an excellent role model mainly because he practiced the truth of God’s Word in his life. The Old Testament requirement of two or three witnesses to establish a fact was met in Demetrius’s case. John added his witness to establish a fact.
Verse 13: “I had many things to write to you, but I am not willing to write them to you with pen and ink;”
Though John wrote a Gospel and the Book of Revelation, he writes that he would much prefer to speak in person as opposed to writing. The Christian life is a journey. You are either advancing in the faith or backsliding away from Christ. There is no neutral gear. John had more to say to Gaius, but John wanted a personal touch.
Verse 14: “but I hope to see you shortly, and we will speak face to face.”
John confirms the intentions from the previous verse. He wants a personal time with Gaius.
Verse 15: “Peace be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name.”
John concludes this letter to Gaius with a very warm and personal greeting.